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Home ›  Best Practices

FDA Releases Long Awaited Biosimilar Interchangeability Draft Guidance

  • By: Staff Editor
  • Date: January 17, 2017
  • Source: http://www.fda.gov
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FDA Releases Long Awaited Biosimilar Interchangeability Draft Guidance

The US FDA has finally issued its much awaited draft regulation on biological product interchangeability. The regulatory guidance has been expected since 2010, when Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act was signed into law, that amended the Public Health Service Act to create an abbreviated license pathway for biological products that are proved to be biosimilar or interchangeable with an FDA-licensed biological product.

This guidance offers a summary of vital scientific and technical aspects in representing interchangeability with a reference product, including the following:

  • Data required to support a demonstration of interchangeability,
  • Concerns for the design and investigation of a switching study or studies to support a demonstration of interchangeability,
  • Suggestions regarding the use of a U.S. licensed reference product in a switching study or studies,
  • Considerations for developing presentations, container closure systems, and delivery device constituent parts for planned interchangeable products.

Background: Biosimilar and Interchangeability

A biosimilar is a biological product that is very much similar to an FDA approved biological product, known as a reference product, and has no clinically significant difference in terms of safety and effectiveness from the reference product.

An interchangeable biological product is biosimilar to an FDA recognized reference product and meets additional standards for interchangeability.

Since 2015, the US FDA has approved only four biosimilar products under section 351(k) of the Public Health Service Act.

Comment Period

FDA is currently accepting comments on this guidance document. Comments submitted by March 19, 2017 will be considered in the development of the final version of this guidance.

Related Training:

FDA's Rules for the Development and Approval of Biosimilars

Biosimilars Analytical Characterization and Comparability Studies

Method public java.lang.String org.ofbiz.widget.screen.ScreenRenderer.render(java.lang.String) throws org.ofbiz.base.util.GeneralException,java.io.IOException,org.xml.sax.SAXException,javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException threw an exception when invoked on org.ofbiz.widget.screen.ScreenRenderer@5b7e54a5 with arguments of types [java.lang.String,] The problematic instruction: ---------- ==> ${screens.render("component://ecommerce/widget/CONew2016/BestPracticesPageScreens.xml#trainings-article-detail")} [on line 9, column 17 in component://ecommerce/webapp/ecommerce/CONew2016/bestpractices/article_detail/contentDetailMain.ftl] ---------- Java backtrace for programmers: ---------- freemarker.template.TemplateModelException: Method public java.lang.String org.ofbiz.widget.screen.ScreenRenderer.render(java.lang.String) throws org.ofbiz.base.util.GeneralException,java.io.IOException,org.xml.sax.SAXException,javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException threw an exception when invoked on org.ofbiz.widget.screen.ScreenRenderer@5b7e54a5 with arguments of types [java.lang.String,] at freemarker.ext.beans.OverloadedMethodModel.exec(OverloadedMethodModel.java:134) at freemarker.core.MethodCall._getAsTemplateModel(MethodCall.java:93) at freemarker.core.Expression.getAsTemplateModel(Expression.java:89) at freemarker.core.Expression.getStringValue(Expression.java:93) at freemarker.core.DollarVariable.accept(DollarVariable.java:76) at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:221) at freemarker.core.MixedContent.accept(MixedContent.java:92) at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:221) at freemarker.core.Environment.process(Environment.java:199) at org.ofbiz.base.util.template.FreeMarkerWorker.renderTemplate(FreeMarkerWorker.java:257) at org.ofbiz.widget.screen.HtmlWidget.renderHtmlTemplate(HtmlWidget.java:225) at org.ofbiz.widget.screen.HtmlWidget$HtmlTemplate.renderWidgetString(HtmlWidget.java:270) at org.ofbiz.widget.screen.HtmlWidget.renderWidgetString(HtmlWidget.java:130) at org.ofbiz.widget.screen.ModelScreenWidget$PlatformSpecific.renderWidgetString(ModelScreenWidget.java:920) at org.ofbiz.widget.screen.ModelScreenWidget.renderSubWidgetsString(ModelScreenWidget.java:104) at org.ofbiz.widget.screen.ModelScreenWidget$Section.renderWidgetString(ModelScreenWidget.java:191) at org.ofbiz.widget.screen.ModelScreen.renderScreenString(ModelScreen.java:396) at org.ofbiz.widget.screen.ScreenRenderer.render(ScreenRenderer.java:135) at org.ofbiz.widget.screen.ScreenRenderer.render(ScreenRenderer.java:97) at sun.reflect.GeneratedMethodAccessor64.invoke(Unknown Source) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498) at freemarker.ext.beans.BeansWrapper.invokeMethod(BeansWrapper.java:866) at freemarker.ext.beans.OverloadedMethodModel.exec(OverloadedMethodModel.java:104) at freemarker.core.MethodCall._getAsTemplateModel(MethodCall.java:93) at freemarker.core.Expression.getAsTemplateModel(Expression.java:89) at freemarker.core.Expression.getStringValue(Expression.java:93) at freemarker.core.DollarVariable.accept(DollarVariable.java:76) at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:221) at freemarker.core.MixedContent.accept(MixedContent.java:92) at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:221) at freemarker.core.Environment.process(Environment.java:199) at org.ofbiz.base.util.template.FreeMarkerWorker.renderTemplate(FreeMarkerWorker.java:257) at org.ofbiz.widget.screen.HtmlWidget.renderHtmlTemplate(HtmlWidget.java:225) at org.ofbiz.widget.screen.HtmlWidget$HtmlTemplate.renderWidgetString(HtmlWidget.java:270) at org.ofbiz.widget.screen.HtmlWidget.renderWidgetString(HtmlWidget.java:130) at org.ofbiz.widget.screen.ModelScreenWidget$PlatformSpecific.renderWidgetString(ModelScreenWidget.java:920) at org.ofbiz.widget.screen.ModelScreenWidget.renderSubWidgetsString(ModelScreenWidget.java:104) at org.ofbiz.widget.screen.ModelScreenWidget$Section.renderWidgetString(ModelScreenWidget.java:191) at org.ofbiz.widget.screen.ModelScreen.renderScreenString(ModelScreen.java:396) at org.ofbiz.widget.screen.ScreenRenderer.render(ScreenRenderer.java:135) at org.ofbiz.widget.screen.ScreenRenderer.render(ScreenRenderer.java:97) at org.ofbiz.widget.screen.MacroScreenViewHandler.render(MacroScreenViewHandler.java:104) at org.ofbiz.webapp.control.RequestHandler.renderView(RequestHandler.java:865) at org.ofbiz.webapp.control.RequestHandler.doRequest(RequestHandler.java:582) at org.ofbiz.webapp.control.RequestHandler.doRequest(RequestHandler.java:547) at org.ofbiz.webapp.control.RequestHandler.doRequest(RequestHandler.java:547) at org.ofbiz.webapp.control.ControlServlet.doGet(ControlServlet.java:224) at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:621) at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:722) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:305) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:210) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationDispatcher.invoke(ApplicationDispatcher.java:749) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationDispatcher.processRequest(ApplicationDispatcher.java:487) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationDispatcher.doForward(ApplicationDispatcher.java:412) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationDispatcher.forward(ApplicationDispatcher.java:339) at com.metricstream.SEOServlet.dispatchEcommerceRequest(SEOServlet.java:287) at com.metricstream.SEOServlet.findPattern(SEOServlet.java:236) at com.metricstream.SEOServlet.doGet(SEOServlet.java:49) at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:621) at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:722) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:305) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:210) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:222) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:123) at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:472) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:168) at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:99) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:118) at org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve.invoke(AccessLogValve.java:929) at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:407) at org.apache.coyote.http11.AbstractHttp11Processor.process(AbstractHttp11Processor.java:1002) at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$AbstractConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:585) at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.JIoEndpoint$SocketProcessor.run(JIoEndpoint.java:310) at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1149) at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:624) at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748) Caused by: org.ofbiz.widget.screen.ScreenRenderException: Error rendering screen [component://ecommerce/widget/CONew2016/BestPracticesPageScreens.xml#trainings-article-detail]: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Error running script at location [component://ecommerce/webapp/ecommerce/WEB-INF/actions/CONew2016/bestpractices/article_detail/trainings_articleDetail.groovy]: javax.script.ScriptException: java.lang.NullPointerException: Cannot invoke method getString() on null object (Error running script at location [component://ecommerce/webapp/ecommerce/WEB-INF/actions/CONew2016/bestpractices/article_detail/trainings_articleDetail.groovy]: javax.script.ScriptException: java.lang.NullPointerException: Cannot invoke method getString() on null object) at org.ofbiz.widget.screen.ModelScreen.renderScreenString(ModelScreen.java:409) at org.ofbiz.widget.screen.ScreenRenderer.render(ScreenRenderer.java:135) at org.ofbiz.widget.screen.ScreenRenderer.render(ScreenRenderer.java:97) at sun.reflect.GeneratedMethodAccessor64.invoke(Unknown Source) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498) at freemarker.ext.beans.BeansWrapper.invokeMethod(BeansWrapper.java:866) at freemarker.ext.beans.OverloadedMethodModel.exec(OverloadedMethodModel.java:104) ... 76 more Caused by: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Error running script at location [component://ecommerce/webapp/ecommerce/WEB-INF/actions/CONew2016/bestpractices/article_detail/trainings_articleDetail.groovy]: javax.script.ScriptException: java.lang.NullPointerException: Cannot invoke method getString() on null object at org.ofbiz.base.util.ScriptUtil.executeScript(ScriptUtil.java:348) at org.ofbiz.base.util.ScriptUtil.executeScript(ScriptUtil.java:324) at org.ofbiz.widget.ModelWidgetAction$Script.runAction(ModelWidgetAction.java:416) at org.ofbiz.widget.ModelWidgetAction.runSubActions(ModelWidgetAction.java:116) at org.ofbiz.widget.screen.ModelScreenWidget$Section.renderWidgetString(ModelScreenWidget.java:184) at org.ofbiz.widget.screen.ModelScreen.renderScreenString(ModelScreen.java:396) ... 83 more
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Method public java.lang.String org.ofbiz.widget.screen.ScreenRenderer.render(java.lang.String) throws org.ofbiz.base.util.GeneralException,java.io.IOException,org.xml.sax.SAXException,javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException threw an exception when invoked on org.ofbiz.widget.screen.ScreenRenderer@5b7e54a5 with arguments of types [java.lang.String,] The problematic instruction: ---------- ==> ${screens.render("component://ecommerce/widget/CONew2016/BaseScreens.xml#recently-viewed")} [on line 28, column 1 in component://ecommerce/webapp/ecommerce/CONew2016/bestpractices/article_detail/contentDetailMain.ftl] ---------- Java backtrace for programmers: ---------- freemarker.template.TemplateModelException: Method public java.lang.String org.ofbiz.widget.screen.ScreenRenderer.render(java.lang.String) throws org.ofbiz.base.util.GeneralException,java.io.IOException,org.xml.sax.SAXException,javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException threw an exception when invoked on org.ofbiz.widget.screen.ScreenRenderer@5b7e54a5 with arguments of types [java.lang.String,] at freemarker.ext.beans.OverloadedMethodModel.exec(OverloadedMethodModel.java:134) at freemarker.core.MethodCall._getAsTemplateModel(MethodCall.java:93) at freemarker.core.Expression.getAsTemplateModel(Expression.java:89) at freemarker.core.Expression.getStringValue(Expression.java:93) at freemarker.core.DollarVariable.accept(DollarVariable.java:76) at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:221) at freemarker.core.MixedContent.accept(MixedContent.java:92) at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:221) at freemarker.core.Environment.process(Environment.java:199) at org.ofbiz.base.util.template.FreeMarkerWorker.renderTemplate(FreeMarkerWorker.java:257) at org.ofbiz.widget.screen.HtmlWidget.renderHtmlTemplate(HtmlWidget.java:225) at org.ofbiz.widget.screen.HtmlWidget$HtmlTemplate.renderWidgetString(HtmlWidget.java:270) at org.ofbiz.widget.screen.HtmlWidget.renderWidgetString(HtmlWidget.java:130) at org.ofbiz.widget.screen.ModelScreenWidget$PlatformSpecific.renderWidgetString(ModelScreenWidget.java:920) at org.ofbiz.widget.screen.ModelScreenWidget.renderSubWidgetsString(ModelScreenWidget.java:104) at org.ofbiz.widget.screen.ModelScreenWidget$Section.renderWidgetString(ModelScreenWidget.java:191) at org.ofbiz.widget.screen.ModelScreen.renderScreenString(ModelScreen.java:396) at org.ofbiz.widget.screen.ScreenRenderer.render(ScreenRenderer.java:135) at org.ofbiz.widget.screen.ScreenRenderer.render(ScreenRenderer.java:97) at sun.reflect.GeneratedMethodAccessor64.invoke(Unknown Source) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498) at freemarker.ext.beans.BeansWrapper.invokeMethod(BeansWrapper.java:866) at freemarker.ext.beans.OverloadedMethodModel.exec(OverloadedMethodModel.java:104) at freemarker.core.MethodCall._getAsTemplateModel(MethodCall.java:93) at freemarker.core.Expression.getAsTemplateModel(Expression.java:89) at freemarker.core.Expression.getStringValue(Expression.java:93) at freemarker.core.DollarVariable.accept(DollarVariable.java:76) at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:221) at freemarker.core.MixedContent.accept(MixedContent.java:92) at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:221) at freemarker.core.Environment.process(Environment.java:199) at org.ofbiz.base.util.template.FreeMarkerWorker.renderTemplate(FreeMarkerWorker.java:257) at org.ofbiz.widget.screen.HtmlWidget.renderHtmlTemplate(HtmlWidget.java:225) at org.ofbiz.widget.screen.HtmlWidget$HtmlTemplate.renderWidgetString(HtmlWidget.java:270) at org.ofbiz.widget.screen.HtmlWidget.renderWidgetString(HtmlWidget.java:130) at org.ofbiz.widget.screen.ModelScreenWidget$PlatformSpecific.renderWidgetString(ModelScreenWidget.java:920) at org.ofbiz.widget.screen.ModelScreenWidget.renderSubWidgetsString(ModelScreenWidget.java:104) at org.ofbiz.widget.screen.ModelScreenWidget$Section.renderWidgetString(ModelScreenWidget.java:191) at org.ofbiz.widget.screen.ModelScreen.renderScreenString(ModelScreen.java:396) at org.ofbiz.widget.screen.ScreenRenderer.render(ScreenRenderer.java:135) at org.ofbiz.widget.screen.ScreenRenderer.render(ScreenRenderer.java:97) at org.ofbiz.widget.screen.MacroScreenViewHandler.render(MacroScreenViewHandler.java:104) at org.ofbiz.webapp.control.RequestHandler.renderView(RequestHandler.java:865) at org.ofbiz.webapp.control.RequestHandler.doRequest(RequestHandler.java:582) at org.ofbiz.webapp.control.RequestHandler.doRequest(RequestHandler.java:547) at org.ofbiz.webapp.control.RequestHandler.doRequest(RequestHandler.java:547) at org.ofbiz.webapp.control.ControlServlet.doGet(ControlServlet.java:224) at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:621) at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:722) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:305) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:210) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationDispatcher.invoke(ApplicationDispatcher.java:749) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationDispatcher.processRequest(ApplicationDispatcher.java:487) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationDispatcher.doForward(ApplicationDispatcher.java:412) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationDispatcher.forward(ApplicationDispatcher.java:339) at com.metricstream.SEOServlet.dispatchEcommerceRequest(SEOServlet.java:287) at com.metricstream.SEOServlet.findPattern(SEOServlet.java:236) at com.metricstream.SEOServlet.doGet(SEOServlet.java:49) at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:621) at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:722) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:305) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:210) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:222) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:123) at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:472) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:168) at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:99) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:118) at org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve.invoke(AccessLogValve.java:929) at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:407) at org.apache.coyote.http11.AbstractHttp11Processor.process(AbstractHttp11Processor.java:1002) at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$AbstractConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:585) at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.JIoEndpoint$SocketProcessor.run(JIoEndpoint.java:310) at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1149) at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:624) at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748) Caused by: org.ofbiz.widget.screen.ScreenRenderException: Error rendering screen [component://ecommerce/widget/CONew2016/BaseScreens.xml#recently-viewed]: org.ofbiz.entity.transaction.GenericTransactionException: The current transaction is marked for rollback, not beginning a new transaction and aborting current operation; the rollbackOnly was caused by: Error rendering screen [component://ecommerce/widget/CONew2016/BestPracticesPageScreens.xml#trainings-article-detail]: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Error running script at location [component://ecommerce/webapp/ecommerce/WEB-INF/actions/CONew2016/bestpractices/article_detail/trainings_articleDetail.groovy]: javax.script.ScriptException: java.lang.NullPointerException: Cannot invoke method getString() on null objectjava.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Error running script at location [component://ecommerce/webapp/ecommerce/WEB-INF/actions/CONew2016/bestpractices/article_detail/trainings_articleDetail.groovy]: javax.script.ScriptException: java.lang.NullPointerException: Cannot invoke method getString() on null object (Error running script at location [component://ecommerce/webapp/ecommerce/WEB-INF/actions/CONew2016/bestpractices/article_detail/trainings_articleDetail.groovy]: javax.script.ScriptException: java.lang.NullPointerException: Cannot invoke method getString() on null object) (The current transaction is marked for rollback, not beginning a new transaction and aborting current operation; the rollbackOnly was caused by: Error rendering screen [component://ecommerce/widget/CONew2016/BestPracticesPageScreens.xml#trainings-article-detail]: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Error running script at location [component://ecommerce/webapp/ecommerce/WEB-INF/actions/CONew2016/bestpractices/article_detail/trainings_articleDetail.groovy]: javax.script.ScriptException: java.lang.NullPointerException: Cannot invoke method getString() on null objectjava.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Error running script at location [component://ecommerce/webapp/ecommerce/WEB-INF/actions/CONew2016/bestpractices/article_detail/trainings_articleDetail.groovy]: javax.script.ScriptException: java.lang.NullPointerException: Cannot invoke method getString() on null object (Error running script at location [component://ecommerce/webapp/ecommerce/WEB-INF/actions/CONew2016/bestpractices/article_detail/trainings_articleDetail.groovy]: javax.script.ScriptException: java.lang.NullPointerException: Cannot invoke method getString() on null object)) at org.ofbiz.widget.screen.ModelScreen.renderScreenString(ModelScreen.java:423) at org.ofbiz.widget.screen.ScreenRenderer.render(ScreenRenderer.java:135) at org.ofbiz.widget.screen.ScreenRenderer.render(ScreenRenderer.java:97) at sun.reflect.GeneratedMethodAccessor64.invoke(Unknown Source) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498) at freemarker.ext.beans.BeansWrapper.invokeMethod(BeansWrapper.java:866) at freemarker.ext.beans.OverloadedMethodModel.exec(OverloadedMethodModel.java:104) ... 76 more Caused by: org.ofbiz.entity.transaction.GenericTransactionException: The current transaction is marked for rollback, not beginning a new transaction and aborting current operation; the rollbackOnly was caused by: Error rendering screen [component://ecommerce/widget/CONew2016/BestPracticesPageScreens.xml#trainings-article-detail]: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Error running script at location [component://ecommerce/webapp/ecommerce/WEB-INF/actions/CONew2016/bestpractices/article_detail/trainings_articleDetail.groovy]: javax.script.ScriptException: java.lang.NullPointerException: Cannot invoke method getString() on null objectjava.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Error running script at location [component://ecommerce/webapp/ecommerce/WEB-INF/actions/CONew2016/bestpractices/article_detail/trainings_articleDetail.groovy]: javax.script.ScriptException: java.lang.NullPointerException: Cannot invoke method getString() on null object (Error running script at location [component://ecommerce/webapp/ecommerce/WEB-INF/actions/CONew2016/bestpractices/article_detail/trainings_articleDetail.groovy]: javax.script.ScriptException: java.lang.NullPointerException: Cannot invoke method getString() on null object) at org.ofbiz.entity.transaction.TransactionUtil.begin(TransactionUtil.java:159) at org.ofbiz.entity.transaction.TransactionUtil.begin(TransactionUtil.java:127) at org.ofbiz.widget.screen.ModelScreen.renderScreenString(ModelScreen.java:388) ... 83 more Caused by: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Error running script at location [component://ecommerce/webapp/ecommerce/WEB-INF/actions/CONew2016/bestpractices/article_detail/trainings_articleDetail.groovy]: javax.script.ScriptException: java.lang.NullPointerException: Cannot invoke method getString() on null object at org.ofbiz.base.util.ScriptUtil.executeScript(ScriptUtil.java:348) at org.ofbiz.base.util.ScriptUtil.executeScript(ScriptUtil.java:324) at org.ofbiz.widget.ModelWidgetAction$Script.runAction(ModelWidgetAction.java:416) at org.ofbiz.widget.ModelWidgetAction.runSubActions(ModelWidgetAction.java:116) at org.ofbiz.widget.screen.ModelScreenWidget$Section.renderWidgetString(ModelScreenWidget.java:184) at org.ofbiz.widget.screen.ModelScreen.renderScreenString(ModelScreen.java:396) ... 83 more
Method public java.lang.String org.ofbiz.widget.screen.ScreenRenderer.render(java.lang.String) throws org.ofbiz.base.util.GeneralException,java.io.IOException,org.xml.sax.SAXException,javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException threw an exception when invoked on org.ofbiz.widget.screen.ScreenRenderer@5b7e54a5 with arguments of types [java.lang.String,] The problematic instruction: ---------- ==> ${screens.render("component://ecommerce/widget/CONew2016/BaseScreens.xml#main-footer")} [on line 11, column 1 in component://ecommerce/webapp/ecommerce/CONew2016/templates/articleDetail.ftl] ---------- Java backtrace for programmers: ---------- freemarker.template.TemplateModelException: Method public java.lang.String org.ofbiz.widget.screen.ScreenRenderer.render(java.lang.String) throws org.ofbiz.base.util.GeneralException,java.io.IOException,org.xml.sax.SAXException,javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException threw an exception when invoked on org.ofbiz.widget.screen.ScreenRenderer@5b7e54a5 with arguments of types [java.lang.String,] at freemarker.ext.beans.OverloadedMethodModel.exec(OverloadedMethodModel.java:134) at freemarker.core.MethodCall._getAsTemplateModel(MethodCall.java:93) at freemarker.core.Expression.getAsTemplateModel(Expression.java:89) at freemarker.core.Expression.getStringValue(Expression.java:93) at freemarker.core.DollarVariable.accept(DollarVariable.java:76) at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:221) at freemarker.core.MixedContent.accept(MixedContent.java:92) at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:221) at freemarker.core.Environment.process(Environment.java:199) at org.ofbiz.base.util.template.FreeMarkerWorker.renderTemplate(FreeMarkerWorker.java:257) at org.ofbiz.widget.screen.HtmlWidget.renderHtmlTemplate(HtmlWidget.java:225) at org.ofbiz.widget.screen.HtmlWidget$HtmlTemplate.renderWidgetString(HtmlWidget.java:270) at org.ofbiz.widget.screen.HtmlWidget.renderWidgetString(HtmlWidget.java:130) at org.ofbiz.widget.screen.ModelScreenWidget$PlatformSpecific.renderWidgetString(ModelScreenWidget.java:920) at org.ofbiz.widget.screen.ModelScreenWidget.renderSubWidgetsString(ModelScreenWidget.java:104) at org.ofbiz.widget.screen.ModelScreenWidget$Section.renderWidgetString(ModelScreenWidget.java:191) at org.ofbiz.widget.screen.ModelScreen.renderScreenString(ModelScreen.java:396) at org.ofbiz.widget.screen.ScreenRenderer.render(ScreenRenderer.java:135) at org.ofbiz.widget.screen.ScreenRenderer.render(ScreenRenderer.java:97) at org.ofbiz.widget.screen.MacroScreenViewHandler.render(MacroScreenViewHandler.java:104) at org.ofbiz.webapp.control.RequestHandler.renderView(RequestHandler.java:865) at org.ofbiz.webapp.control.RequestHandler.doRequest(RequestHandler.java:582) at org.ofbiz.webapp.control.RequestHandler.doRequest(RequestHandler.java:547) at org.ofbiz.webapp.control.RequestHandler.doRequest(RequestHandler.java:547) at org.ofbiz.webapp.control.ControlServlet.doGet(ControlServlet.java:224) at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:621) at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:722) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:305) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:210) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationDispatcher.invoke(ApplicationDispatcher.java:749) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationDispatcher.processRequest(ApplicationDispatcher.java:487) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationDispatcher.doForward(ApplicationDispatcher.java:412) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationDispatcher.forward(ApplicationDispatcher.java:339) at com.metricstream.SEOServlet.dispatchEcommerceRequest(SEOServlet.java:287) at com.metricstream.SEOServlet.findPattern(SEOServlet.java:236) at com.metricstream.SEOServlet.doGet(SEOServlet.java:49) at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:621) at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:722) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:305) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:210) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:222) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:123) at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:472) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:168) at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:99) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:118) at org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve.invoke(AccessLogValve.java:929) at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:407) at org.apache.coyote.http11.AbstractHttp11Processor.process(AbstractHttp11Processor.java:1002) at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$AbstractConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:585) at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.JIoEndpoint$SocketProcessor.run(JIoEndpoint.java:310) at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1149) at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:624) at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748) Caused by: org.ofbiz.widget.screen.ScreenRenderException: Error rendering screen [component://ecommerce/widget/CONew2016/BaseScreens.xml#main-footer]: org.ofbiz.entity.transaction.GenericTransactionException: The current transaction is marked for rollback, not beginning a new transaction and aborting current operation; the rollbackOnly was caused by: Error rendering screen [component://ecommerce/widget/CONew2016/BestPracticesPageScreens.xml#trainings-article-detail]: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Error running script at location [component://ecommerce/webapp/ecommerce/WEB-INF/actions/CONew2016/bestpractices/article_detail/trainings_articleDetail.groovy]: javax.script.ScriptException: java.lang.NullPointerException: Cannot invoke method getString() on null objectjava.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Error running script at location [component://ecommerce/webapp/ecommerce/WEB-INF/actions/CONew2016/bestpractices/article_detail/trainings_articleDetail.groovy]: javax.script.ScriptException: java.lang.NullPointerException: Cannot invoke method getString() on null object (Error running script at location [component://ecommerce/webapp/ecommerce/WEB-INF/actions/CONew2016/bestpractices/article_detail/trainings_articleDetail.groovy]: javax.script.ScriptException: java.lang.NullPointerException: Cannot invoke method getString() on null object) (The current transaction is marked for rollback, not beginning a new transaction and aborting current operation; the rollbackOnly was caused by: Error rendering screen [component://ecommerce/widget/CONew2016/BestPracticesPageScreens.xml#trainings-article-detail]: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Error running script at location [component://ecommerce/webapp/ecommerce/WEB-INF/actions/CONew2016/bestpractices/article_detail/trainings_articleDetail.groovy]: javax.script.ScriptException: java.lang.NullPointerException: Cannot invoke method getString() on null objectjava.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Error running script at location [component://ecommerce/webapp/ecommerce/WEB-INF/actions/CONew2016/bestpractices/article_detail/trainings_articleDetail.groovy]: javax.script.ScriptException: java.lang.NullPointerException: Cannot invoke method getString() on null object (Error running script at location [component://ecommerce/webapp/ecommerce/WEB-INF/actions/CONew2016/bestpractices/article_detail/trainings_articleDetail.groovy]: javax.script.ScriptException: java.lang.NullPointerException: Cannot invoke method getString() on null object)) at org.ofbiz.widget.screen.ModelScreen.renderScreenString(ModelScreen.java:423) at org.ofbiz.widget.screen.ScreenRenderer.render(ScreenRenderer.java:135) at org.ofbiz.widget.screen.ScreenRenderer.render(ScreenRenderer.java:97) at sun.reflect.GeneratedMethodAccessor64.invoke(Unknown Source) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498) at freemarker.ext.beans.BeansWrapper.invokeMethod(BeansWrapper.java:866) at freemarker.ext.beans.OverloadedMethodModel.exec(OverloadedMethodModel.java:104) ... 53 more Caused by: org.ofbiz.entity.transaction.GenericTransactionException: The current transaction is marked for rollback, not beginning a new transaction and aborting current operation; the rollbackOnly was caused by: Error rendering screen [component://ecommerce/widget/CONew2016/BestPracticesPageScreens.xml#trainings-article-detail]: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Error running script at location [component://ecommerce/webapp/ecommerce/WEB-INF/actions/CONew2016/bestpractices/article_detail/trainings_articleDetail.groovy]: javax.script.ScriptException: java.lang.NullPointerException: Cannot invoke method getString() on null objectjava.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Error running script at location [component://ecommerce/webapp/ecommerce/WEB-INF/actions/CONew2016/bestpractices/article_detail/trainings_articleDetail.groovy]: javax.script.ScriptException: java.lang.NullPointerException: Cannot invoke method getString() on null object (Error running script at location [component://ecommerce/webapp/ecommerce/WEB-INF/actions/CONew2016/bestpractices/article_detail/trainings_articleDetail.groovy]: javax.script.ScriptException: java.lang.NullPointerException: Cannot invoke method getString() on null object) at org.ofbiz.entity.transaction.TransactionUtil.begin(TransactionUtil.java:159) at org.ofbiz.entity.transaction.TransactionUtil.begin(TransactionUtil.java:127) at org.ofbiz.widget.screen.ModelScreen.renderScreenString(ModelScreen.java:388) ... 60 more Caused by: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Error running script at location [component://ecommerce/webapp/ecommerce/WEB-INF/actions/CONew2016/bestpractices/article_detail/trainings_articleDetail.groovy]: javax.script.ScriptException: java.lang.NullPointerException: Cannot invoke method getString() on null object at org.ofbiz.base.util.ScriptUtil.executeScript(ScriptUtil.java:348) at org.ofbiz.base.util.ScriptUtil.executeScript(ScriptUtil.java:324) at org.ofbiz.widget.ModelWidgetAction$Script.runAction(ModelWidgetAction.java:416) at org.ofbiz.widget.ModelWidgetAction.runSubActions(ModelWidgetAction.java:116) at org.ofbiz.widget.screen.ModelScreenWidget$Section.renderWidgetString(ModelScreenWidget.java:184) at org.ofbiz.widget.screen.ModelScreen.renderScreenString(ModelScreen.java:396) at org.ofbiz.widget.screen.ScreenRenderer.render(ScreenRenderer.java:135) at org.ofbiz.widget.screen.ScreenRenderer.render(ScreenRenderer.java:97) at sun.reflect.GeneratedMethodAccessor64.invoke(Unknown Source) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498) at freemarker.ext.beans.BeansWrapper.invokeMethod(BeansWrapper.java:866) at freemarker.ext.beans.OverloadedMethodModel.exec(OverloadedMethodModel.java:104) at freemarker.core.MethodCall._getAsTemplateModel(MethodCall.java:93) at freemarker.core.Expression.getAsTemplateModel(Expression.java:89) at freemarker.core.Expression.getStringValue(Expression.java:93) at freemarker.core.DollarVariable.accept(DollarVariable.java:76) at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:221) at freemarker.core.MixedContent.accept(MixedContent.java:92) at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:221) at freemarker.core.Environment.process(Environment.java:199) at org.ofbiz.base.util.template.FreeMarkerWorker.renderTemplate(FreeMarkerWorker.java:257) at org.ofbiz.widget.screen.HtmlWidget.renderHtmlTemplate(HtmlWidget.java:225) at org.ofbiz.widget.screen.HtmlWidget$HtmlTemplate.renderWidgetString(HtmlWidget.java:270) at org.ofbiz.widget.screen.HtmlWidget.renderWidgetString(HtmlWidget.java:130) at org.ofbiz.widget.screen.ModelScreenWidget$PlatformSpecific.renderWidgetString(ModelScreenWidget.java:920) at org.ofbiz.widget.screen.ModelScreenWidget.renderSubWidgetsString(ModelScreenWidget.java:104) at org.ofbiz.widget.screen.ModelScreenWidget$Section.renderWidgetString(ModelScreenWidget.java:191) at org.ofbiz.widget.screen.ModelScreen.renderScreenString(ModelScreen.java:396) ... 60 more